Teil 1
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# Wetterstation Berechnungen
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Hier sind einige nützliche Berechnungsfunktionen und Formeln zu finden, welch ich in meiner Wetterstation verwende. Die Berechnungsfunktionen sind in Javascript zur Verwendung in Node-Red geschieben, können jedoch einfach auch für andere Plattformen angepasst werden (z.B. Arduino).
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Die Quellen sind jeweils verlinkt.
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# Taupunkt berechnen
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Quelle: https://myscope.net/taupunkttemperatur/
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Die Berechnung des Taupunktes erfolgt aus den Messwerten Temperatur (°C) und Luftfeuchtigkeit (%).
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```
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var calcdewpoint = function(celsius, humidity) {
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var a, b;
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if (celsius >= 0) {
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a = 7.5;
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b = 237.3;
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} else if (celsius < 0) {
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a = 7.6;
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b = 240.7;
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}
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// Sättigungsdampfdruck (hPa)
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var sdd = 6.1078 * Math.pow(10, (a * celsius) / (b + celsius));
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// Dampfdruck (hPa)
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var dd = sdd * (humidity / 100);
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// v-Parameter
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var v = Math.log10(dd / 6.1078);
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// Taupunkttemperatur (°C)
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var td = (b * v) / (a - v);
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//Runden 1 Nachkommastelle
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td = Math.round(td * 10) / 10;
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return td;
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}
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msg.payload = calcdewpoint(12.45, 80);
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return msg;
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```
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# Gefühlte Temperatur berechnen
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Die Gefühlte Temperatur setzt sich aus zwei Berechnungsarten zusammen. Windchill (Temperatur kleiner als 10°C und Windgeschwindigkeit größer als 4.8km/h) und Hitzeindex (Temperatur größer als 26.7°C und Relative Luftfeuchte größer als 40%).
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```
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//Quelle: https://myscope.net/windchill-gefuehlte-temperatur-berechnen/
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// https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windchill
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var calcwindchill = function(celsius, windspeed) {
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var windchill = 13.12 + 0.6215 * celsius - 11.37 * Math.pow(windspeed, 0.16) + 0.3965 * celsius * Math.pow(windspeed, 0.16);
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return windchill;
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}
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//Quelle: https://myscope.net/hitzeindex-gefuehle-temperatur/
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// https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hitzeindex
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var calcheatindex = function(celsius, humidity) {
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return (-8.784695 + 1.61139411 * celsius + 2.338549 * humidity - 0.14611605 * celsius * humidity - 0.012308094 * celsius * celsius - 0.016424828 * humidity * humidity + 0.002211732 * celsius * celsius * humidity + 0.00072546 * celsius * humidity * humidity - 0.000003582 * celsius * celsius * humidity * humidity);
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}
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var Temperatur_2m = parseFloat(12.34);
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var Luftfeuchte_rel = parseFloat(80);
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var windkmh = parseFloat(2.45);
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if (Temperatur_2m <= 10 && windkmh >= 4.8)
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{
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msg.payload = calcwindchill(Temperatur_2m, windkmh);
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msg.topic = "123";
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}
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else if (Temperatur_2m >= 26.7 && Luftfeuchte_rel >= 40)
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{
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msg.payload = calcheatindex(Temperatur_2m, Luftfeuchte_rel);
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msg.topic = "246";
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}
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else //Keine der beiden Formeln ist definiert
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{
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//msg.payload = -1;
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msg.payload = Temperatur_2m;
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}
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//Runden 1 Nachkommastelle
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msg.payload = Math.round(msg.payload * 10) / 10;
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return msg;
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```
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# Absolute Luftfeuchtigkeit
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Eine Umrechnung von Relativer (in %) in Absolute Luftfeuchtigkeit (in g/m^3).
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```
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// Relative to absolute humidity
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// Based on https://carnotcycle.wordpress.com/2012/08/04/how-to-convert-relative-humidity-to-absolute-humidity/
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var absoluteHumidity = function(temperature, humidity) {
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return (13.2471*Math.pow(2.7182818,17.67*temperature/(temperature+243.5))*humidity/(273.15+temperature));
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}
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var Temperatur_2m = parseFloat(12.34);
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var Luftfeuchte_rel = parseFloat(45);
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msg.payload = absoluteHumidity(Temperatur_2m, Luftfeuchte_rel);
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//Runden 1 Nachkommastelle
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msg.payload = Math.round(msg.payload * 10) / 10;
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return msg;
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```
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# Windgeschwindigkeit Meter pro Sekunde in Kilometer pro Stunde
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Eine Umrechnung der Windgeschwindigkeit vom m/s in km/h sowie runden des Ergebnisses auf eine Nachkommastellen.
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```
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msg.payload = Math.round(msg.payload * 3.6 * 10) / 10;
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return msg;
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```
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# Windgeschwindigkeit von Kilometer pro Stunde in Windstärke/Beaufortskala umrechnen
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Referenz: https://wetterkanal.kachelmannwetter.com/woher-kommt-die-beaufortskala/
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Die Berechnungen beziehen sich auf die Einheit m/s.
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```
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var windmax = parseFloat(msg.payload) / 3.6;
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var windstarkewort = {};
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windstarkewort.topic = "Windstärke_Wort";
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var windstarkebft = {};
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windstarkebft.topic = "Windstärke_bft";
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if (windmax < 0.3) {
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windstarkebft.payload = 0;
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windstarkewort.payload = "Windstille";
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}
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else if (windmax >= 0.3 && windmax < 1.6) {
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windstarkebft.payload = 1;
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windstarkewort.payload = "leiser Zug";
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}
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else if (windmax >= 1.6 && windmax < 3.4 ) {
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windstarkebft.payload = 2;
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windstarkewort.payload = "leichte Brise";
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}
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else if (windmax >= 3.4 && windmax < 5.5) {
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windstarkebft.payload = 3;
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windstarkewort.payload = "schwache Brise";
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}
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else if (windmax >= 5.5 && windmax < 8.0 ) {
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windstarkebft.payload = 4;
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windstarkewort.payload = "mäßige Brise";
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}
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else if (windmax >= 8.0 && windmax < 10.8 ) {
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windstarkebft.payload = 5;
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windstarkewort.payload = "frische Brise";
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}
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else if (windmax >= 10.8 && windmax < 13.9 ) {
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windstarkebft.payload = 6;
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windstarkewort.payload = "starker Wind";
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}
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else if (windmax >= 13.9 && windmax < 17.2 ) {
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windstarkebft.payload = 7;
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windstarkewort.payload = "steifer Wind";
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}
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else if (windmax >= 17.2 && windmax < 20.8 ) {
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windstarkebft.payload = 8;
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windstarkewort.payload = "stürmischer Wind";
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}
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else if (windmax >= 20.8 && windmax < 24.5 ) {
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windstarkebft.payload = 9;
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windstarkewort.payload = "Sturm";
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}
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else if (windmax >= 24.5 && windmax < 28.5 ) {
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windstarkebft.payload = 10;
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windstarkewort.payload = "schwerer Sturm";
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}
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else if (windmax >= 28.5 && windmax < 32.7 ) {
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windstarkebft.payload = 11;
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windstarkewort.payload = "orkanartiger Sturm";
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}
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else if (windmax >= 32.7) {
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windstarkebft.payload = 12;
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windstarkewort.payload = "Sturm";
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}
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return [windstarkewort, windstarkebft];
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```
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# Windrichtung "Grad in Wort"
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Eine Umrechnung einer Windrichtung in Grad (0° entpsricht Nord) in Himmelsrichtungen (z.B. NO, S usw.).
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```
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var windrichtung = parseInt(msg.payload);
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var windrichtungwort = {};
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windrichtungwort.topic = "Windrichtung_Wort";
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if (windrichtung >= 348 && windrichtung < 12) {
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windrichtungwort.payload = "N";
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}
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else if (windrichtung >= 12 && windrichtung < 35) {
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windrichtungwort.payload = "NNO";
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}
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else if (windrichtung >= 35 && windrichtung < 57) {
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windrichtungwort.payload = "NO";
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}
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else if (windrichtung >= 57 && windrichtung < 80) {
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windrichtungwort.payload = "NOO";
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}
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else if (windrichtung >= 80 && windrichtung < 102) {
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windrichtungwort.payload = "O";
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}
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else if (windrichtung >= 102 && windrichtung < 125) {
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windrichtungwort.payload = "SOO";
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}
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else if (windrichtung >= 125 && windrichtung < 147) {
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windrichtungwort.payload = "SO";
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}
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else if (windrichtung >= 147 && windrichtung < 170) {
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windrichtungwort.payload = "SSO";
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}
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else if (windrichtung >= 170 && windrichtung < 192) {
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windrichtungwort.payload = "S";
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}
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else if (windrichtung >= 192 && windrichtung < 215) {
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windrichtungwort.payload = "SSW";
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}
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else if (windrichtung >= 215 && windrichtung < 237) {
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windrichtungwort.payload = "SW";
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}
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else if (windrichtung >= 237 && windrichtung < 260) {
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windrichtungwort.payload = "SWW";
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}
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else if (windrichtung >= 260 && windrichtung < 282) {
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windrichtungwort.payload = "W";
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}
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else if (windrichtung >= 282 && windrichtung < 305) {
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windrichtungwort.payload = "NWW";
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}
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else if (windrichtung >= 305 && windrichtung < 327) {
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windrichtungwort.payload = "NW";
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}
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else if (windrichtung >= 327 && windrichtung < 348) {
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windrichtungwort.payload = "NNW";
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}
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else {
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windrichtungwort.payload = "???";
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}
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return windrichtungwort;
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```
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<br><br>
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<p xmlns:dct="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" class="license-text">This work by <span property="cc:attributionName">Dustin Brunner</span> is licensed under <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">CC BY 4.0<img style="height:15px!important;margin-left:3px;vertical-align:text-bottom;" src="https://mirrors.creativecommons.org/presskit/icons/cc.svg?ref=chooser-v1" /><img style="height:15px!important;margin-left:3px;vertical-align:text-bottom;" src="https://mirrors.creativecommons.org/presskit/icons/by.svg?ref=chooser-v1" /></a></p>
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<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons Lizenzvertrag" style="border-width:0" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png" /></a><br />Dieses Werk von <span xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" property="cc:attributionName">Dustin Brunner</span> ist lizenziert unter einer <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International Lizenz</a>.
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@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
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# Wetterstation
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MQTT-Wetterstation mit Datenauswertung und -Darstellung in Node-Red sowie Aufzeichung durch Influx-DB.
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Dieses Projekt besteht aus mehreren Teilen:
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## [Grundlagen: VEML 6070 Sensor, UV-Index Berechnung](VEML_6070/README.md)
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## [Zusatzinfos: verwendete Berechnungsformeln](Berechnungsfunktionen.md)
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<br><br>
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<p xmlns:dct="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" class="license-text">This work by <span property="cc:attributionName">Dustin Brunner</span> is licensed under <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">CC BY 4.0<img style="height:15px!important;margin-left:3px;vertical-align:text-bottom;" src="https://mirrors.creativecommons.org/presskit/icons/cc.svg?ref=chooser-v1" /><img style="height:15px!important;margin-left:3px;vertical-align:text-bottom;" src="https://mirrors.creativecommons.org/presskit/icons/by.svg?ref=chooser-v1" /></a></p>
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<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons Lizenzvertrag" style="border-width:0" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png" /></a><br />Dieses Werk von <span xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" property="cc:attributionName">Dustin Brunner</span> ist lizenziert unter einer <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International Lizenz</a>.
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@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
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# VEML6070 UV Sensor
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[<img src="VEML_6070.png" width="200px">](VEML_6070.png)
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The VEML6070 is a UV sensor with I2C-Interface.
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It measures the UV light level but **NOT** the UV-Index. However, it is possible to convert the sensor readings to an equivalent UV-risk level/UV-Index.
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> Unlike the Si1145 (http://adafru.it/1777), this sensor will not give you UV Index readings. However, the Si1145 does UV Index approximations based on light level not true UV sensing. The VEML6070 in contrast does have a real light sensor in the UV spectrum.
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## Using the Sensor with Arduino
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The sensor can be easily connected to the I2C pins of the Arduino (for Arduino UNO + Nano these are the pins A4 and A5).
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To read the measurements the `Adafruit_VEML6070`-Library can be used.
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It can be installed directly via the Arduino Library Manager. Alternatively, it can be downloaded from GitHub: https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_VEML6070
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## Convert measurements to UV-Risk level
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The conversion is implemented in the equivalent Adafruit library for Circuit Python (https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_VEML6070). However it is not implemented in the Arduino version.
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I adapted the Circuit Python code and created an extended example sketch with risk-level-conversion.
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```
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String convert_to_risk_level(int reading)
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{
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int integration_time = 4; //available for Integration-Time 1, 2, 4
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// MUST be adjusted according to the set integration time
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reading = reading / integration_time;
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String risk_level;
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if(reading <= 560)
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risk_level = "LOW (UV 0-2)";
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else if(reading > 560 && reading <= 1120)
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risk_level = "Moderate (UV 3-5)";
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else if(reading > 1120 && reading <= 1494)
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risk_level = "High (UV 6-7)";
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else if(reading > 1494 && reading <= 2054)
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risk_level = "Very High (UV 8-10)";
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else if(reading > 2054 && reading <= 9999)
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risk_level = "Extreme (UV >10)";
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else
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risk_level = "ERROR";
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return risk_level;
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}
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```
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## You can the full example sketch [here](./vemltest_extended/vemltest_extended.ino).
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<br>
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References/Sources: https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/downloads/pdf/adafruit-veml6070-uv-light-sensor-breakout.pdf
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#include <Wire.h>
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#include "Adafruit_VEML6070.h"
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Adafruit_VEML6070 uv = Adafruit_VEML6070();
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void setup() {
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Serial.begin(9600);
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Serial.println("VEML6070 Test");
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uv.begin(VEML6070_2_T); // pass in the integration time constant
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/*
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possible integration times: -> adapt the convert_to_risk_level-function accordingly!
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VEML6070_HALF_T ~62.5ms
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VEML6070_1_T ~125ms
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VEML6070_2_T ~250ms
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VEML6070_4_T ~500ms
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*/
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}
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//Source: https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_VEML6070/blob/main/adafruit_veml6070.py
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String convert_to_risk_level(int reading)
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{
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int integration_time = 4; //available for Integration-Time 1, 2, 4
|
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|
// MUST be adjusted according to the set integration time
|
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reading = reading / integration_time;
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String risk_level;
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if(reading <= 560)
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risk_level = "LOW (UV 0-2)";
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else if(reading > 560 && reading <= 1120)
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risk_level = "Moderate (UV 3-5)";
|
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else if(reading > 1120 && reading <= 1494)
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risk_level = "High (UV 6-7)";
|
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else if(reading > 1494 && reading <= 2054)
|
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risk_level = "Very High (UV 8-10)";
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else if(reading > 2054 && reading <= 9999)
|
||||||
|
risk_level = "Extreme (UV >10)";
|
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|
else
|
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|
risk_level = "ERROR";
|
||||||
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|
||||||
|
return risk_level;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
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|
||||||
|
/*
|
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|
// German equivalent
|
||||||
|
String convert_to_risk_level(int reading)
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
int integration_time = 4; //available for Integration-Time 1, 2, 4
|
||||||
|
// MUST be adjusted according to the set integration time
|
||||||
|
reading = reading / integration_time;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
String risk_level;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if(reading <= 560)
|
||||||
|
risk_level = "Niedrig (UV 0-2)";
|
||||||
|
else if(reading > 560 && reading <= 1120)
|
||||||
|
risk_level = "Mittel (UV 3-5)";
|
||||||
|
else if(reading > 1120 && reading <= 1494)
|
||||||
|
risk_level = "Hoch (UV 6-7)";
|
||||||
|
else if(reading > 1494 && reading <= 2054)
|
||||||
|
risk_level = "Sehr Hoch (UV 8-10)";
|
||||||
|
else if(reading > 2054 && reading <= 9999)
|
||||||
|
risk_level = "Extrem (UV >10)";
|
||||||
|
else
|
||||||
|
risk_level = "ERROR";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
return risk_level;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void loop() {
|
||||||
|
int reading = uv.readUV();
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Serial.print("UV light level: ");
|
||||||
|
Serial.print(reading);
|
||||||
|
Serial.print(" Risk level is: ");
|
||||||
|
Serial.println(convert_to_risk_level(reading));
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
delay(1000);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
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Reference in New Issue